A2585-25mg | MG-132 [133407-82-6] Clinisciences

Background

MG132 (carbobenzoxy-Leu-Leu-leucinal) as a peptide aldehyde effectively blocks the proteolytic activity of proteasome complex.9 Proteasome inhibitors including MG132 have been shown to induce apoptotic cell death through formation of ROS. ROS formation and GSH depletion due to proteasome inhibitors may cause mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent cytochrome c release, which leads to cell viability loss^{1, 2}.

MG132 dose dependently inhibited the growth of A549 cells with an IC50 of approximately 20 µM. MG132 also reduced the growth of human cervical HeLa cancer cells with an IC50 of approximately 5 µM. Treatment with 0.5 µM MG132 significantly decreased the growth of HeLa cells and induced cell death as well. Cell growth inhibition by MG132 depends on incubation doses of that and cell types³.

MG132 significantly induced a G1 phase arrest of the cell cycle. It inhibits the growth of HT-29 colon cancer cells via inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest⁴, causes MG-63 osteosarcoma cell arrest at G2/M phase⁵, prolongs the duration of G0/G1 arrest in MnCl2-treated A549 cells and induces a G1 arrest in gastric carcinoma cells⁶. Deregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasomal system by MG132 can result in different cell cycle phase arrests depending on various cancer cell lines.

Proteasome inhibitors including MG132 have been shown to induce apoptotic cell death through formation of ROS^{1, 2, 7}. MG132 inhibited the growth of human A549 cells via inducing the cell cycle arrest as well as triggering apoptosis, which was in part correlated with the changes of ROS and GSH levels.

References:
1. Ling YH, Liebes L, Zou Y and Perez-Soler R. Reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial dysfunction in the apoptotic response to Bortezomib, a novel proteasome inhibitor, in human H460 non-small cell lung cancer cells, 2003; 278: 33714–33723.
2. Qiu JH, Asai A, Chi S, et al. Proteasome inhibitors induce cytochrome c-caspase-3-like protease-mediated apoptosis in cultured cortical neurons. J Neurosci 2000; 20: 259–265.
3. YH. Han, WH. Park, MG132 as a proteasome inhibitor induces cell growth inhibition and cell death in A549 lung cancer cells via influencing reactive oxygen species and GSH level, Human and Experimental Toxicology, 29(7) 607–614.
4. Wu WK, Wu YC, Yu L, et al. Induction of autophagy by proteasome inhibitor is associated with proliferative arrest in colon cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 374: 258–263.
5. Yan XB, Yang DS, Gao X, et al. Caspase-8 dependent osteosarcoma cell apoptosis induced by proteasome inhibitor MG132. Cell Biol Int 2007; 31: 1136–1143.
6. ZhangW, Tong Q, Li S, Wang X andWang Q.MG-132 inhibits telomerase activity, induces apoptosis and G(1) arrest associated with upregulated p27kip1 expression and downregulated survivin expression in gastric carcinoma cells. Cancer Invest 2008; 26:1032–1036.
7. Wu HM, Chi KH, Lin WW. Proteasome inhibitors stimulate activator protein-1 pathway via reactive oxygen species production. FEBS Lett 2002; 526: 101–105.

Product Citation

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Chemical Properties

Storage	Store at -20°C The product is not stable in solution, please dissolve it immediately before use.
M.Wt	475.6
Cas No.	133407-82-6
Formula	C₂₆H₄₁N₃O₅
Synonyms	MG132,Z-LLL-al,Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-CHO
Solubility	≥23.78 mg/mL in DMSO; insoluble in H2O; ≥49.5 mg/mL in EtOH
Chemical Name	benzyl N-[(2S)-4-methyl-1-[[(2S)-4-methyl-1-[[(2S)-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate
SDF	Download SDF
Canonical SMILES	CC(C)CC(C=O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1
Shipping Condition	Small Molecules with Blue Ice, Modified Nucleotides with Dry Ice.
General tips	We do not recommend long-term storage for the solution, please use it up soon.

Protocol

Kinase experiment:
Inhibitory activities of MG-132 towards proteasome complex 9	MG-132 acts as a peptide aldehyde effectively blocks the proteolytic activity of proteasome complex 9. Proteasome inhibitors including MG-132 have been shown to induce apoptotic cell death through formation of ROS. ROS formation and GSH depletion due to proteasome inhibitors may cause mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent cytochrome C release, which leads to cell viability loss [ 1, 2].
Cell experiment:
Cell lines	A549 cells, human cervical HeLa cancer cells, HT-29 colon cancer cells, MG-63 osteosarcoma cell etc.
Preparation method	The solubility of this compound in DMSO is >23.8mg/mL. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 °C for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20°C for several months.
Reaction Conditions	24-48 h
Applications	MG-132 is a membrane-permeable proteasome inhibitor. It is used to Induce neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells at 10 μM. MG132 dose dependently inhibited the growth of A549 cells with an IC50 of approximately 20 µM. MG-132 also reduced the growth of human cervical HeLa cancer cells with an IC50 of approximately 5 µM. Treatment with 0.5 µM MG-132 significantly decreased the growth of HeLa cells and induced cell death as well [3]. MG-132 inhibits the growth of HT-29 colon cancer cells via inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest [4], causes MG-63 osteosarcoma cell arrest at G2/M phase [5], prolongs the duration of G0/G1 arrest in MnCl2-treated A549 cells and induces a G1 arrest in gastric carcinoma cells [6].
Animal experiment [3]:
Animal models	C57BL mice
Dosage form	~10 ug/kg/day, injection from tail vein or belly
Preparation method	Powder dissolved in DMSO to prepare stock solution with 10 mg/ml, and working solution is diluted by PBS or Saline. pH equals to 7.
Other notes	Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal.
References: 1. Ling YH, Liebes L, Zou Y and Perez-Soler R. Reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial dysfunction in the apoptotic response to Bortezomib, a novel proteasome inhibitor, in human H460 non-small cell lung cancer cells, 2003; 278: 33714–33723. 2. Qiu JH, Asai A, Chi S, et al. Proteasome inhibitors induce cytochrome c-caspase-3-like protease-mediated apoptosis in cultured cortical neurons. J Neurosci 2000; 20: 259–265. 3. YH. Han, WH. Park, MG132 as a proteasome inhibitor induces cell growth inhibition and cell death in A549 lung cancer cells via influencing reactive oxygen species and GSH level, Human and Experimental Toxicology, 29(7) 607–614. 4. Wu WK, Wu YC, Yu L, et al. Induction of autophagy by proteasome inhibitor is associated with proliferative arrest in colon cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 374: 258–263. 5. Yan XB, Yang DS, Gao X, et al. Caspase-8 dependent osteosarcoma cell apoptosis induced by proteasome inhibitor MG132. Cell Biol Int 2007; 31: 1136–1143. 6. ZhangW, Tong Q, Li S, Wang X andWang Q.MG-132 inhibits telomerase activity, induces apoptosis and G(1) arrest associated with upregulated p27kip1 expression and downregulated survivin expression in gastric carcinoma cells. Cancer Invest 2008; 26:1032–1036.