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Bortezomib (LDP 341) is a 20S proteasome inhibitor (Ki=0.6 nM) that is reversible and selective. Bortezomib has antitumor activity and inhibits NF-κB, which can disrupt the cell cycle and induce apoptosis.
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Bortezomib, CAS 179324-69-7
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1 mL * 10 mM (in DMSO)
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Purity: 100%
Purity: 99.91%
Purity: 99.59%
Purity: 98%
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Biological Description
Chemical Properties
Storage & Solubility Information
Description
Bortezomib (LDP 341) is a 20S proteasome inhibitor (Ki=0.6 nM) that is reversible and selective. Bortezomib has antitumor activity and inhibits NF-κB, which can disrupt the cell cycle and induce apoptosis.
Targets&IC50
20S proteasome:0.6 nM (cell free)
In vitro
METHODS: Human tongue squamous carcinoma cells SCC-15 and CAL-27, human pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells FaDu, and human salivary gland carcinoma cells A-253 and SALTO-5 were treated with Bortezomib (6.25-100 nM) for 24-72 h. The growth inhibition of these cells was detected by SRB. RESULTS: The effects of Bortezomib on the proliferation of the five tumor cells were dose- and time-dependent, and SCC-15 was the most sensitive cell to the effects of Bortezomib. SCC-15 was the most sensitive cell to the effect of Bortezomib.[1] METHODS: Human small cell lung cancer cells NCI-H69 and NCI-H2171 were treated with Bortezomib (0.05 μM; 0.5 μM) for 48 h. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by Flow Cytometry. RESULTS: Bortezomib induced cell cycle arrest in the G2-M transition state, increased the number of G2-phase cells and decreased the number of S-phase cells, and induced apoptosis in tumor cells. [2] METHODS: H460, a large cell lung cancer cell, was incubated with Bortezomib (0.01-10 μM) for 3-48 h, and the expression levels of target proteins were detected by Western Blot. RESULTS: Bortezomib treatment resulted in concentration-dependent phosphorylation of Bcl-2 protein. Starting at 12 h, a recognizable Bcl-2 cleavage product was observed, and Bcl-2 phosphorylation preceded Bcl-2 cleavage for at least 9 h.[3]
In vivo
METHODS: To detect anti-tumor activity in vivo, Bortezomib (0.3 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to NOD/SCID mice bearing primary exudative lymphoma (PEL) UM-PEL-1 once daily for three weeks. RESULTS: Bortezomib induced remission of PEL and prolonged overall survival of mice with lymphoma exudates. bortezomib downregulated cell cycle progression, DNA replication, and Myc target genes. [4] METHODS: To investigate the effect of Bortezomib on renal fibrosis, Bortezomib (0.5 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into an aristolochic acid I (AA)-induced fibrotic C57BL/6J mouse model twice a week for ten weeks. RESULTS: Bortezomib treatment significantly attenuated AA-induced renal dysfunction and proteinuria, reduced the expression of renal fibrosis-associated proteins and markers of renal injury, such as αSMA, Kim1, and Ngal, and prevented renal fibrosis at histopathologic level. [5]
Kinase Assay
Inhibitors were synthesized and purified according to the procedures described in Adams et al.The inhibition constant (Ki) for each inhibitor was measured according to the method of Stein et al.using a fluorometric assay,monitoring peptide substrate cleavage of Z-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-amino methyl coumarin (Z = carbobenzyloxy) by the 20S proteasome [1].
Cell Research
PC-3 cells were treated with different doses of PS-341 for different periods of time. The cells were washed with PBS, harvested, and fixed in suspension with 3.7% formaldehyde in the neutral buffer for 10 min at room temperature. The cells were centrifuged, and the cell pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of 80% ethanol. The cell suspension (25–50 μl) was then placed onto a microscope slide precoated with poly-l-lysine and air-dried. The slides were washed four times with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS. The slide was incubated with the DNA stain Hoechst 33342 (Molecular Probes; 1.0 μg/ml in PBS with 0.1% Triton-X-100) for 1.0 min. The slides were rinsed in PBS and mounted with 70% glycerol containing 25 mg/ml 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. Nuclear staining was visualized using a fluorescent microscope [1].
Animal Research
Mice were inoculated s.c. into the right flank with 3 × 10^7 MM cells in 100 μl of RPMI 1640, together with 100 μl of Matrigel basement membrane matrix. When tumor was measurable, mice were assigned into four treatment groups receiving PS-341 or into a control group. Treatment with PS-341 was given i.v. twice weekly via tail vein at 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg for 4 weeks. Subsequently, it was administered once weekly. The control group received the vehicle alone (0.9% sodium chloride) at the same schedule. Caliper measurements of the longest perpendicular tumor diameters were performed every alternate day to estimate the tumor volume, using the following formula: 4π/3 × (width/2)^2 × (length/2), representing the three-dimensional volume of an ellipse. Animals were sacrificed when their tumors reached 2 cm or when the mice became moribund. Survival was evaluated from the first day of treatment until death [4].
Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year
Solubility Information
H2O: Insoluble
Ethanol: 20.83 mg/ml (54.21mM), Sonication is recommended.
DMSO: 71 mg/mL (184.8 mM)
References and Literature
1. Benvenuto M, et al. Proteasome inhibition by bortezomib parallels a reduction in head and neck cancer cells growth, and an increase in tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Sci Rep. 2021 Sep 24;11(1):19051. 2. Taromi S, et al. Proteasome inhibitor bortezomib enhances the effect of standard chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget. 2017 Sep 23;8(57):97061-97078. 3. Ling YH, et al. PS-341, a novel proteasome inhibitor, induces Bcl-2 phosphorylation and cleavage in association with G2-M phase arrest and apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther. 2002 Aug;1(10):841-9. 4. Sarosiek KA, et al. Efficacy of bortezomib in a direct xenograft model of primary effusion lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jul 20;107(29):13069-74. 5. Zeniya M, et al. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib attenuates renal fibrosis in mice via the suppression of TGF-β1. Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 12;7(1):13086. 6. Qu, Yuan Qing, et al. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenylborane sensitizes anti-tumor effect of bortezomib via suppression of calcium-mediated autophagy. Cell death & disease. 2018 Mar 2;9(3):361.
Citations
1. Zhou Q, Liang J, Yang T, et al. Carfilzomib modulates tumor microenvironment to potentiate immune checkpoint therapy for cancer. EMBO Molecular Medicine. 2022 Jan 11;14(1):e14502. doi: 10.15252/emmm.202114502. Epub 2021 Dec 13. 2. Li Q, Chu Y, Li S, et al. The oncoprotein MUC1 facilitates breast cancer progression by promoting Pink1-dependent mitophagy via ATAD3A destabilization. Cell Death & Disease. 2022, 13(10): 1-16. 3. Qu, Yuan Qing, et al. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenylborane sensitizes anti-tumor effect of bortezomib via suppression of calcium-mediated autophagy. Cell Death & Disease. 2018, 9(3): 1-15 4. Zhang L, Xu L, Zhang X, et al. Methyltransferase Setdb1 Promotes Osteoblast Proliferation by Epigenetically Silencing Macrod2 with the Assistance of Atf7ip. Cells. 2022, 11(16): 2580. 5. Chen X, Chen Y, Ou Y, et al. Bortezomib inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and NF-κB pathway to reduce psoriatic inflammation. Biochemical Pharmacology. 2022, 206: 115326. 6. Liu M, Zhao Y T, Lv Y Y, et al. Metformin Relieves Bortezomib-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Regulating AMPKa2-Mediated Autophagy in the Spinal Dorsal Horn. Neurochemical Research. 2022: 1-10. 7. Sassetti E, Durante Cruz C, Identification and Characterization of Approved Drugs and Drug-Like Compounds as Covalent Escherichia coli ClpP Inhibitors. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019, 20(11): 2686 8. Wang M, Wang J, Tsui A Y P, et al. Mechanisms of peripheral neurotoxicity associated with four chemotherapy drugs using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived peripheral neurons. Toxicology in Vitro. 2021: 105233. 9. Liang Y, Qian Y, Tang J, et al.Arsenic trioxide promotes ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of BIMEL to attenuate apoptosis in BEAS-2B cells.Chemico-Biological Interactions.2022: 110304. 10. He Y, Shi Q, Ling Y, et al.ABLIM1, a novel ubiquitin E3 ligase, promotes growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer through targeting IĸBα ubiquitination and activating NF-ĸB signaling.Cell Death & Differentiation.2024: 1-14.
11. Zhang H, Wang H, Hu Y, et al.Targeting PARP14 with lomitapide suppresses drug resistance through the activation of DRP1-induced mitophagy in multiple myeloma.Cancer Letters.2024: 216802. 12. Xiong J, Wang L, Feng Y, et al.Geldanamycin confers fungicidal properties to azole by triggering the activation of succinate dehydrogenase.Life Sciences.2024: 122699.
This product is contained In the following compound libraries:
Inhibitor Library Drug Repurposing Compound Library EMA Approved Drug Library Anti-Cancer Drug Library Anti-Cancer Clinical Compound Library Anti-Cancer Active Compound Library Anti-Cancer Approved Drug Library NO PAINS Compound Library Anti-Aging Compound Library Bioactive Compounds Library Max
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Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (Master liquid concentration mg/mL),
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next add μL Tween 80,mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil,mix and clarify.
Note:
Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
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