Human tetramers - Class II - FITC
MHC tetramers are complexes of four MHC molecules, associated with a specific peptide and bound to a fluorochrome. Class II tetramers bind to a distinct population of CD4+ T cells.
MHC class II tetramer staining is more technically challenging than class I tetramer staining.
- Antigen-specific CD4+ T cells are more rare than antigen-specific CD8+ T cells
- Affinity between the T cell receptor and MHC/peptide complex is generally lower
- Acquisition of 100,000-200,000 CD4+ T cells is typically required
- Exclusion gating essential
- T cell expansion and/or pre-enrichment may be required
MHC tetramers are labeled with fluorescent molecules including phycoerythrin (PE), allophycocyanin (APC), or Brilliant Violet 421 (BV421) and thus allow detection of antigen-specific T cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy.
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