Key Features
- Guinea pig polyclonal
- Suitable for IHC and WB
- Reacts with human and mouse
| Quantity | 100 µl |
|---|---|
| Antibody Type | Polyclonal |
| Host | Guinea pig |
| Conjugate | Unconjugated |
| Application | IHC, WB |
| Purification | Stabilized antiserum |
| Reactivity | Human, Mouse |
| Storage | Short term at 2-8°C; long term storage in aliquots at -20°C; avoid freeze/thaw cycles |
| Intended use | Research use only |
| Immunogen | C-terminal tail region (including parts of the rod domain) of human recombinant keratin K15 |
| Formulation | Contains 0.09% sodium azide and 0.5% BSA |
| UniprotID | P19012 (Human),Q61414 (Mouse) |
| Synonym | Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 15, Cytokeratin-15, CK-15, Keratin-15, K15, KRT15, KRTB |
| Note | Centrifuge prior to opening |
| Tested applications | Tested dilutions |
|---|---|
| Immunohistochemistry (IHC) - frozen | 1:100-1:200 |
| Western Blot (WB) | 1:2,000 |
Mr 50 kDa (pI 4.9) intermediate filament polypeptide, keratin K15 (formerly also designated cytokeratin 15), detected by immunofluorescence microscopy in basal cells of stratified epithelia (including epidermis, tongue, esophagus, exocervix) and complex stratified epithelia (e.g. broncheal epithelium), in luminal epithelia of mammary, salivary and sweat gland. In the hair follicle, staining was restricted to the outermost cell layer of the outer root sheath; within the hair follicle several cell layers of the hair follicle bulb were positive with antiserum gp 15.1.
In human fetal tissues keratin K15 was localized in basal cells of epidermis, lung, trachea, tracheal glands and esophagus. In fetal hair anlagen, all cells were positive with antiserum gp 15.1, suggesting that keratin K15 is preferentially expressed in epithelial stem cells. Completely unreactive were cells of liver, colon, kidney, urinary bladder, pancreas and lung alveolus.
In tumors, gp15.1 is reactive with squamous skin and lung carcinomas and with a significant subgroup of invasive ductal breast carcinomas, especially tumors with higher grade malignancy.
Reactivity on cultured cell lines: HaCat, A-431; negative on PLC.
Publication
Species
Application
Species human
Application IHC (paraffin)
- PVDF membranes show better results than nitrocellulose (higher capacity, allows for more stringent washing conditions in case of background problems).
- Use freshly prepared blocking solution (e.g. 5% nonfat dry milk, 0.05% Tween 20), block for at least 1 h at room temperature.
- Use the antibody in a higher dilution, but prolong incubation time and exposure time.
- Always use a fresh aliquot of the antibody.
- Do not repeatedly freeze the antibody (eventually centrifuge shortly after thawing to remove cryo-precipitates).
- Include an additional washing step.
You might also try more stringent wash conditions, e.g. add 0.5 M NaCl to the wash buffer. - Always use a fresh aliquot of secondary antibody.
- In case you use ECL most the guinea pig antibody should be diluted further in order to get rid of the background.
Most of our purified mouse antibodies contain 0.5% BSA as stabilizer. If BSA was added to the antibody solution, it is stated in the datasheet.
The supernatant format contains FCS proteins from cell culture medium supplemented with FCS.
The serum antibodies contain other proteins present in serum.
The supernatant format contains FCS proteins from cell culture medium supplemented with FCS.
The serum antibodies contain other proteins present in serum.
Lyophilized antibodies can be stored at 2-8°C until expiration.
Most of our liquid antibodies and reconstituted lyophilized antibodies may be stored for short term storage (up to 3 month) at 2-8°C. For long term storage we recommend to store the antibody at -20°C in aliquots. Please avoid freeze and thaw cycles.
Most of our conjugated antibodies should be stored at 2-8°C.
The individual storage conditions are mentioned on the datasheet.
Most of our liquid antibodies and reconstituted lyophilized antibodies may be stored for short term storage (up to 3 month) at 2-8°C. For long term storage we recommend to store the antibody at -20°C in aliquots. Please avoid freeze and thaw cycles.
Most of our conjugated antibodies should be stored at 2-8°C.
The individual storage conditions are mentioned on the datasheet.
The expiration date of our antibodies is indicated on the product label.
Isolation of positive area from tissue slices under the microscope, followed by extraction procedure to enrich for the cytoskeleton.
Positive tissue: outer root sheath of hair follicle, sweat gland epithelium on the foot pads, filiform papillae of tongue.
Positive tissue: outer root sheath of hair follicle, sweat gland epithelium on the foot pads, filiform papillae of tongue.
- Homogenization (e.g. with polytron) of tissue samples in buffer L (140 mM NaCl, 5 mM EDTA, 5 mM EGTA, 10 mM Tris-HCl pH7.6) supplemented with protease inhibitors; use 1 ml buffer for approx. 0.1 g tissue.
- To reduce viscosity by high DNA contents, benzonase treatment can be included (30 min at 37°C).
- Centrifugation for 10 min (max. speed, table top centrifuge).
- Resuspend pellet in "Triton extraction buffer" (buffer L plus 1% Triton X-100) using e.g. a dounce homogenizer.
- Centrifugation for 10 min (max. speed, table top centrifuge).
- Resuspend pellet in "high salt extraction buffer" (buffer L plus 1.5 M KCl) using e.g. a dounce homogenizer.
- Centrifugation for 10 min (max. speed, table top centrifuge).
- Resuspend pellet in "Triton extraction buffer" (buffer L plus 1% Triton X-100) using e.g. a dounce homogenizer.
- Centrifugation for 10 min (max. speed, table top centrifuge).
- Resuspend pellet in Laemmli buffer and boil (5 min) for SDS-PAGE.
- Methanol/ acetone fixation: Immerse slide in precooled (-20°C) methanol for 5 min, immerse in precooled (-20°C) acetone for 30-60 sec, let specimen air dry before antibody incubation.
- Methanol/ acetone fixation plus detergent permeabilization: After methanol/ acetone fixation and air-drying dip slide either in a solution containing 0.1-0.2% Triton X-100 in PBS or in 0.1% saponin in PBS for 1-5 min at room temperature (enhances accessibility of many cytoskeletal antigens).
- Air-drying of the section.
- Block with the serum of the species in which the secondary antibody was raised for 30 min.
- Incubation with 1st antibody 1 h at RT in moist chamber.
- Wash 3x with PBS.
- Incubation with appropriate fluorescent secondary antibody, 30-60 min at RT.
- Wash 3x with PBS.
- Immerse shortly into ethanol.
- Let air dry.
- Cover with mounting medium.
Most of our antibodies contain 0.09% sodium azide as preservative. If a preservative is added, it is mentioned in the datasheet.
The optimal antibody dilution for your specific protocol and application needs to be titrated in your lab with your equipment and sample. The optimal dilution may vary between protocols and samples. A good dilution for starting the titration is the dilution mentioned in the datasheet. If the sample needs a specific treatment (eg. Antigen retrieval for IHC on FFPE sections) this should also be mentioned on the antibody datasheet.
PROGEN antibodies are shipped at ambient temperature. The antibodies are stable at ambient temperature for the shipment period. Please store the antibodies as indicated in the datasheet upon arrival.
The concentration of specific antibody in our guinea pig serum is not determined.
In guinea pigs the antibody concentration in serum varies from 10 to 20 mg/ml; specific antibodies represent normally about 0.1-1% of total IgG. Total protein concentration varies from 40 to 65 mg/ml, with the main constituent (about 60%) being albumin.
In guinea pigs the antibody concentration in serum varies from 10 to 20 mg/ml; specific antibodies represent normally about 0.1-1% of total IgG. Total protein concentration varies from 40 to 65 mg/ml, with the main constituent (about 60%) being albumin.
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