MAPK8 Positive Control

Formulation:	Provided as 100 uL ready-to-use, in SDS-PAGE sample buffer (Laemelli's buffer) containing Tris, pH 6.8, 1 % SDS, Glycerol and Bromophenolblue blue as tracking dye. The sample is reduced by adding 2% beta mercaptoethanol. The protein concentration is
Dilution Range:	WB: 1:500
Storage Instruction:	Store at-20°C for long term storage. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Gene Symbol:	MAPK8
Gene ID:	5599
Uniprot ID:	MK08_HUMAN
Specificity:	This is positive control is recommended for use in combination with MAPK8 antibody STJ501714.

Post Translational Modifications	Dually phosphorylated on Thr-183 and Tyr-185 by MAP2K7 and MAP2K4, which activates the enzyme. Phosphorylated by TAOK2. May be phosphorylated at Thr-183 and Tyr-185 by MAP3K1/MEKK1. Phosphorylated form is more concentrated at synapses than none-phosphorylated.
Function	Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, transformation and programmed cell death. Extracellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK8/JNK1. In turn, MAPK8/JNK1 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JUN, JDP2 and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. Phosphorylates the replication licensing factor CDT1, inhibiting the interaction between CDT1 and the histone H4 acetylase HBO1 to replication origins. Loss of this interaction abrogates the acetylation required for replication initiation. Promotes stressed cell apoptosis by phosphorylating key regulatory factors including p53/TP53 and Yes-associates protein YAP1. In T-cells, MAPK8 and MAPK9 are required for polarized differentiation of T-helper cells into Th1 cells. Contributes to the survival of erythroid cells by phosphorylating the antagonist of cell death BAD upon EPO stimulation. Mediates starvation-induced BCL2 phosphorylation, BCL2 dissociation from BECN1, and thus activation of autophagy. Phosphorylates STMN2 and hence regulates microtubule dynamics, controlling neurite elongation in cortical neurons. In the developing brain, through its cytoplasmic activity on STMN2, negatively regulates the rate of exit from multipolar stage and of radial migration from the ventricular zone. Phosphorylates several other substrates including heat shock factor protein 4 (HSF4), the deacetylase SIRT1, ELK1, or the E3 ligase ITCH. Phosphorylates the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer and plays a role in the regulation of the circadian clock. Phosphorylates the heat shock transcription factor HSF1, suppressing HSF1-induced transcriptional activity. Phosphorylates POU5F1, which results in the inhibition of POU5F1's transcriptional activity and enhances its proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylates JUND and this phosphorylation is inhibited in the presence of MEN1. In neurons, phosphorylates SYT4 which captures neuronal dense core vesicles at synapses. Phosphorylates EIF4ENIF1/4-ET in response to oxidative stress, promoting P-body assembly. Phosphorylates SIRT6 in response to oxidative stress, stimulating its mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. Phosphorylates NLRP3, promoting assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome. JNK1 isoforms display different binding patterns: beta-1 preferentially binds to c-Jun, whereas alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta-2 have a similar low level of binding to both c-Jun or ATF2. However, there is no correlation between binding and phosphorylation, which is achieved at about the same efficiency by all isoforms.
Peptide Name	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 Map Kinase 8 Mapk 8 Jnk-46 Stress-Activated Protein Kinase 1c Sapk1c Stress-Activated Protein Kinase Jnk1 C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1
Database Links	Reactome: R-HSA-111446 Reactome: R-HSA-139910 Reactome: R-HSA-193648 Reactome: R-HSA-205043 Reactome: R-HSA-2559580 Reactome: R-HSA-2871796 Reactome: R-HSA-376172 Reactome: R-HSA-450321 Reactome: R-HSA-450341 Reactome: R-HSA-5693565 Reactome: R-HSA-9007892 Reactome: R-HSA-9673324
Cellular Localisation	Cytoplasm Nucleus Synapse In The Cortical Neurons Predominantly Cytoplasmic And Associated With The Golgi Apparatus And Endosomal Fraction Increased Neuronal Activity Increases Phosphorylated Form At Synapses Colocalizes With Pou5f1 In The Nucleus
Alternative Peptide Names	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 protein Map Kinase 8 protein Mapk 8 protein Jnk-46 protein Stress-Activated Protein Kinase 1c protein Sapk1c protein Stress-Activated Protein Kinase Jnk1 protein C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1 protein MAPK8 protein JNK1 protein PRKM8 protein SAPK1 protein SAPK1C protein

Information sourced from Uniprot.org

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