Stat3 is a key signaling molecule for many cytokines and growth-factor receptors and is required for murine fetal development. Additionally, Stat3 is constitutively activated in a number of human tumors and possesses oncogenic potential and anti-apoptotic activities. Stat3 is activated by phosphorylation at Tyr705, which induces dimerization, nuclear translocation and DNA binding. Transcriptional activation seems to be regulated by phosphorylation at Ser727 via the MAPK or mTOR pathway. Stat3 isoform expression appears to reflect biological function: the relative expression levels of Stat3a (86kD) and Stat3b (79kD) depend on cell type, ligand exposure or maturation stage of the cells. It is notable that Stat3b lacks the serine phosphorylation site within the carboxy-terminal transcriptional activation domain.| |Applications:|Suitable for use in Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, Immunoprecipitation, Immunofluoresence, Immunocytochemistry, Flow Cytometry and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Other applications have not been tested. ||Recommended Dilutions: |Western Blot: 1:2000|Immunoprecipitation: 1:100|Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin): 1:100-1:400|Immunohistochemistry (Leica): 1:100-1:400|Immunofluorescence (IC): 1:100-1:200|Flow Cytometry: 1:100-1:400|ChIP: 1:100|Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.||Storage and Stability:|May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.