Sulfasalazine (NSC 667219) is an anti-rheumatic agent for the research of rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. Sulfasalazine can suppress NF-κB activity. Sulfasalazine is a type 1 ferroptosis inducer.
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Sulfasalazine Estructura química
No. CAS : 599-79-1
This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.
Based on 33 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Other Forms of Sulfasalazine:
Sulfasalazine-d4
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Sulfasalazine-d3,15N
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Sulfasalazine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
Mol Ther. 2021 Mar 17;S1525-0016(21)00142-8.
[Abstract]
PD-L1 expression is significantly increased after Sulfasalazine (SAS) treatment at both the protein and mRNA levels.
Melanoma A375 cells are treated with SSZ (Sulfasalazine, 125 μM) with or without FeSO4 (100 μM) for 6 h to detect the ROS level or 24 h to assess the pyroptotic features (including morphology, GSDME cleavage, and LDH release), unless specifically defined.
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Descripciòn
Sulfasalazine (NSC 667219) is an anti-rheumatic agent for the research of rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. Sulfasalazine can suppress NF-κB activity. Sulfasalazine is a type 1 ferroptosis inducer[1][2][3][4].
IC50 & Target[1]
RelA
Autophagy
In Vitro
Treatment of SW620 colon cells with sulfasalazine inhibits TNFα-, LPS-, or phorbol ester-induced NFκB activation. NFκB-dependent transcription is inhibited by sulfasalazine at micro- to millimolar concentrations. TNFα-induced nuclear translocation of NFκB is prevented by sulfasalazine through inhibition of IκBα degradation[1]. Pre-incubation with 5 mM of sulfasalazine alone significantly increases basal mRNA expression of all pro-inflammatory cytokines with levels of IL-6 mRNA increased by 80-fold compared with vehicle control[2]. Once digested, sulfasalazine is cleaved into sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid by colonic bacteria, and the latter, too, is reported to suppress NF-kappaB activity[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Sulfasalazine Related Antibodies
In Vivo
At low doses (0.25 mM), SAS is able to suppress glioma growth by over 60% compared to untreated controls[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Almacenamiento
Powder
-20°C
3 years
4°C
2 years
In solvent
-80°C
1 year
-20°C
6 months
Solvente y solubilidad
In Vitro:
NH4OH : 150 mg/mL (376.52 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 9 with NH4OH)
DMSO : 80 mg/mL (200.81 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Preparing Stock Solutions
ConcentrationSolventMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
1 mM
2.5101 mL
12.5505 mL
25.1010 mL
5 mM
0.5020 mL
2.5101 mL
5.0202 mL
10 mM
0.2510 mL
1.2551 mL
2.5101 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day. The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Protocol 1
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.28 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μLDMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.28 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μLDMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly.
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time. The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution.
If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation,
heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Protocol 1
Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline
Solubility: 10 mg/mL (25.10 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
Dosage
mg/kg
Animal weight (per animal)
g
Dosing volume (per animal)
μL
Number of animals
Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO+
%
+
%
Tween-80
+
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO,
. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
, Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration:
mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution:
mg
drug dissolved in
μL
DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take
μL DMSO stock solution, add
μL .
μL , mix evenly, next add
μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add
μL Saline.
Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution
If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
[1]. Wahl C, et al. Sulfasalazine: a potent and specific inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B. J Clin Invest. 1998 Mar 1;101(5):1163-74.
[Content Brief]
[2]. Sykes L, et al. Sulfasalazine augments a pro-inflammatory response in interleukin-1β-stimulated amniocytes and myocytes. Immunology. 2015 Dec;146(4):630-44.
[Content Brief]
[3]. Chung WJ, et al. Sulfasalazine inhibits the growth of primary brain tumors independent of nuclear factor-kappaB. J Neurochem. 2009 Jul;110(1):182-93.
[Content Brief]
[4]. Mao C, et al. DHODH-mediated ferroptosis defence is a targetable vulnerability in cancer. Nature. 2021;593(7860):586-590.
[Content Brief]
Ensayo de quinasas
MCE no ha confirmado la precisión de estos métodos independientemente. Son solo para referencia.
Ensayo celular
[1]
Sulfasalazine is dissolved in culture medium. SW620 cells are grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium, supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated FCS, 2 mmol/liter glutamine, and 1% (wt/vol) penicillin/streptomycin. SW620 cells are transfected with the 3xIgkBLuc reporter construct. After 18 h, cells are incubated with either medium alone or with sulfasalazine (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 mM) before stimulation with TNFα, LPS, or PMA. Luciferase assay is performed[1].
MCE no ha confirmado la precisión de estos métodos independientemente. Son solo para referencia.
Administraciòn de animales
[3]
Mice: Sulfasalazine is dissolved in 0.1 M NaOH, and then neutralized by titrating with 0.1 M HCl. U-87MG glioma cells are implanted into the cranium of a SCID mouse. After 7 days, animals are randomized into three groups of five animals each. One group receives 1 mL i.p. saline injections twice daily for 3 weeks. The two test groups receives 8 mg of sulfasalazine in 1 mL saline twice daily for 3 weeks. Tumor growth and animal health were monitored. After perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde, mouse brains were collected, rinsed, and placed in 30% sucrose[3].
MCE no ha confirmado la precisión de estos métodos independientemente. Son solo para referencia.
Referencias
[1]. Wahl C, et al. Sulfasalazine: a potent and specific inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B. J Clin Invest. 1998 Mar 1;101(5):1163-74.
[Content Brief]
[2]. Sykes L, et al. Sulfasalazine augments a pro-inflammatory response in interleukin-1β-stimulated amniocytes and myocytes. Immunology. 2015 Dec;146(4):630-44.
[Content Brief]
[3]. Chung WJ, et al. Sulfasalazine inhibits the growth of primary brain tumors independent of nuclear factor-kappaB. J Neurochem. 2009 Jul;110(1):182-93.
[Content Brief]
[4]. Mao C, et al. DHODH-mediated ferroptosis defence is a targetable vulnerability in cancer. Nature. 2021;593(7860):586-590.
[Content Brief]
[1]. Wahl C, et al. Sulfasalazine: a potent and specific inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B. J Clin Invest. 1998 Mar 1;101(5):1163-74.
[2]. Sykes L, et al. Sulfasalazine augments a pro-inflammatory response in interleukin-1β-stimulated amniocytes and myocytes. Immunology. 2015 Dec;146(4):630-44.
[3]. Chung WJ, et al. Sulfasalazine inhibits the growth of primary brain tumors independent of nuclear factor-kappaB. J Neurochem. 2009 Jul;110(1):182-93.
[4]. Mao C, et al. DHODH-mediated ferroptosis defence is a targetable vulnerability in cancer. Nature. 2021;593(7860):586-590.
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
Optional Solvent
ConcentrationSolventMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
25 mg
DMSO / NH4OH
1 mM
2.5101 mL
12.5505 mL
25.1010 mL
62.7526 mL
5 mM
0.5020 mL
2.5101 mL
5.0202 mL
12.5505 mL
10 mM
0.2510 mL
1.2551 mL
2.5101 mL
6.2753 mL
15 mM
0.1673 mL
0.8367 mL
1.6734 mL
4.1835 mL
20 mM
0.1255 mL
0.6275 mL
1.2551 mL
3.1376 mL
25 mM
0.1004 mL
0.5020 mL
1.0040 mL
2.5101 mL
30 mM
0.0837 mL
0.4184 mL
0.8367 mL
2.0918 mL
40 mM
0.0628 mL
0.3138 mL
0.6275 mL
1.5688 mL
50 mM
0.0502 mL
0.2510 mL
0.5020 mL
1.2551 mL
60 mM
0.0418 mL
0.2092 mL
0.4184 mL
1.0459 mL
80 mM
0.0314 mL
0.1569 mL
0.3138 mL
0.7844 mL
100 mM
0.0251 mL
0.1255 mL
0.2510 mL
0.6275 mL
Sulfasalazine Related Classifications
Help & FAQs
Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.