Glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) is a central metabolite involved in various crucial biological processes, including glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and redox homeostasis. It serves as a building block for membrane phospholipid synthesis and participates in the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle, which transfers cytosolic reducing equivalents to the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) for ATP production. G3P's role extends to the regeneration of cytosolic NAD+, a critical factor for maintaining cellular redox balance, especially under conditions of ETC dysfunction or hypoxia.

Biosynthesis and Regulation of Glycerol-3-Phosphate

G3P can be synthesized from dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) during glycolysis or by glycerol phosphorylation via glycerol kinase. The cellular levels of G3P are tightly regulated by its synthesis, utilization, and hydrolysis. Recent studies have identified a mammalian glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase (G3PP), also known as phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGP), which hydrolyzes G3P, adding another layer of metabolic control in animal cells.

Glycerol-3-Phosphate Assay Kits

Glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) assay kits are designed for the sensitive, fast, and easy quantification and detection of G3P concentrations in various biological samples. These kits are valuable tools for researchers studying glycolysis, lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, and related diseases.