N-acetylcysteine amide [38520-57-9]

N-Acetylcysteine amide is a thiol antioxidant and neuroprotective agent that can permeate cell membranes and the blood-brain barrier.

Although NACA effectively reduced oxidative stress in DOX-treated H9c2 cells, it had minimal effects on DOX-induced cell death.?NACA prevented oxidative stress by elevation of GSH and CYS, reduction of ROS and lipid peroxidation, and restoration of antioxidant enzyme activities[1].

N-acetylcysteine amide reduces cortical tissue damage and decreases the distance traveled to the platform in the Morris water maze in a rat model of traumatic brain injury[2].N-acetylcysteine amide (60 and 120 mg/kg) also inhibits ovalbumin-induced decreases in GSH, increases in nuclear NF-κB p65 and HIF-1α, and increases in IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels in mouse lung tissue[3].

To determine effectiveness of NACA and NAC in protection of H9c2 cells from DOX-induced toxicity, cells were treated with NACA or NAC at 0.75 mM for 2 h followed by exposure to freshly prepared cell culture medium with DOX in presence or absence of NACA or NAC at designated concentrations. The concentrations of DOX were 0.25 μM, 0.75 μM, 2 μM, 5 μM, 20 μM, and 100 μM. The exposure durations were 24 h, 48 h, or 48 h. Cells incubated with NACA or NAC alone were used as the control[1].

rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=6-8 animals/group): N-acetylcysteine amide?loaded pump (18.5?mg/kg/hr) and a single 150 mg/kg bolus intraperitoneal (IP) injection of NACA given (30 min post-injury) ?N-acetylcysteine amide?(18.5 mg/kg/hr) loaded pump and a single 150 mg/kg bolus injection of N-acetylcysteine amide?given IP (30 min post-injury) ?Vehicle loaded pump and?single vehicle bolus injection given IP (30 min post-injury).?Following random distribution of all animals into one of the three previous groups, experimenters were blinded to treatment group.?The osmotic mini pumps were assembled and implanted immediately after injury and remained in the animals for 7 days[2]

DMSO: 55 mg/mL (339.07 mM)