Rearrangements involving the IGH (immunoglobulin heavy locus, a.k.a. IGH@) gene are considered to be cytogenetic hallmarks for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). NHLs represent 50% of all hematological malignancies. IGH gene rearrangements have been identified in about 50% of NHLs and are associated with specific subtypes of NHLs. Translocation t(11;14)(q13.3;q32.3) can be found in about in 95% of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), t(14;18)(q32.3;q21.3) in 80% of follicular lymphoma (FL), t(3;14) (q27;q32.3) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and t(8;14)(q24.21;q32.3) in Burkitt's lymphoma. In all of these translocations an oncogene located near the breakpoint of the translocation partner is activated by juxtaposing to IGH regulatory sequences. Rearrangements involving 14q32.33 have unique biological characteristics and correlate with clinical, morphological, and immunophenotypic features. Fluorescence in situ Hybridization is a helpful tool for the diagnosis, selecting treatment, and giving prognostic information.