Niacin (Vitamin B3) is an orally active water-soluble B3 vitamin that is an essential nutrient for humans. Niacin (Vitamin B3) plays a key role in energy metabolism, cell signaling cascades regulating gene expression and apoptosis. Niacin (Vitamin B3) is also used in the study of cardiovascular diseases.
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Niacin Chemical Structure
CAS No. : 59-67-6
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Representative images and quantitative analysis showing the effects of Niacin (1 mM, 10 min) and MK-6892 (10 lM, 10 min) on Akt phosphorylation levels in primary cultured microglia.
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Description
Niacin (Vitamin B3) is an orally active water-soluble B3 vitamin that is an essential nutrient for humans. Niacin (Vitamin B3) plays a key role in energy metabolism, cell signaling cascades regulating gene expression and apoptosis. Niacin (Vitamin B3) is also used in the study of cardiovascular diseases[1][2].
IC50 & Target
Microbial Metabolite
Human Endogenous Metabolite
In Vitro
Niacin (0-900 μM, 42 hours) significantly increases GSH levels and decreases ROS levels, and affects the expression of genes related to apoptosis and lipid metabolism[1].
Niacin (0-40 μM, 24 hours) can inhibit cancer invasive activity at low dose but with no influence on proliferation[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Niacin Related Antibodies
RT-PCR[1]
Cell Line:
Cumulus cells and oocytes of prepubertal gilts
Concentration:
600 μM
Incubation Time:
42 hours
Result:
Up-regulated the relative expression of the anti-apoptotic gene BCL2 and lipid metabolism gene ACACA while down-regulated the pro-apoptotic gene BAX.
Cell Proliferation Assay[2]
Cell Line:
Rat ascites hepatoma cell line of AH109A
Concentration:
0-40 μM
Incubation Time:
24 hours
Result:
Had no effect on the proliferation of AH109A cells but suppressed cell invasion from 2.5 μM to 40 μM.
In Vivo
Niacin (subcutaneous injection, 3-300 mg/kg, once) can induce vasodilation in a dose-dependent manner within minutes in male C57BL/6 mice[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
Male C57BL/6 mice[3]
Dosage:
3-300 mg/kg
Administration:
Subcutaneous injection; once
Result:
Induced vasodilation in a dose-dependent manner.
Essai clinique
Masse moléculaire
123.11
Formule
C6H5NO2
CAS No.
59-67-6
Appearance
Solid
Color
White to off-white
SMILES
O=C(C1=CC=CN=C1)O
Structure Classification
Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids
Initial Source
Endogenous metabolite
Disease markers
Nervous System Disorder
Microorganisms
Livraison
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Stockage
Store at room temperature 3 years
In solvent
-80°C
1 year
-20°C
6 months
Solvant et solubilité
In Vitro:
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (406.14 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 10 mg/mL (81.23 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Preparing Stock Solutions
ConcentrationSolventMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
1 mM
8.1228 mL
40.6141 mL
81.2282 mL
5 mM
1.6246 mL
8.1228 mL
16.2456 mL
10 mM
0.8123 mL
4.0614 mL
8.1228 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
*
Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution,
then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day. The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Solubility: 2.08 mg/mL (16.90 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.08 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μLDMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μLDMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μLCorn oil, and mix evenly.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly.
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time. The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution.
If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation,
heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Protocol 1
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 12.5 mg/mL (101.54 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
Dosage
mg/kg
Animal weight (per animal)
g
Dosing volume (per animal)
μL
Number of animals
Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO+
%
+
%
Tween-80
+
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO,
. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
, Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration:
mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution:
mg
drug dissolved in
μL
DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take
μL DMSO stock solution, add
μL .
μL , mix evenly, next add
μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add
μL Saline.
Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution
If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
[1]. Areeg M Almubarak, et al. Supplementation with Niacin during in vitro maturation improves the quality of porcine embryos. Theriogenology. 2021 Jul 15;169:36-46. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.04.005. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
[Content Brief]
[2]. Nobuhiro Hirakawa, et al. Anti-invasive activity of niacin and trigonelline against cancer cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2005 Mar;69(3):653-8.
[Content Brief]
[3]. Kang Cheng, et al. Antagonism of the prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 suppresses nicotinic acid-induced vasodilation in mice and humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 25;103(17):6682-7.
[Content Brief]
[4]. Bruckert E, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect of nicotinic acid alone or in combination on cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2010 Jun;210(2):353-61.
[Content Brief]
[5]. Wan P, et al. Pellagra: a review with emphasis on photosensitivity. Br J Dermatol. 2011 Jun;164(6):1188-200.
[Content Brief]
[6]. Ishii N, et al. Pellagra among chronic alcoholics: clinical and pathological study of 20 necropsy cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1981 Mar;44(3):209-15.
[Content Brief]
[1]. Areeg M Almubarak, et al. Supplementation with Niacin during in vitro maturation improves the quality of porcine embryos. Theriogenology. 2021 Jul 15;169:36-46. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.04.005. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
[2]. Nobuhiro Hirakawa, et al. Anti-invasive activity of niacin and trigonelline against cancer cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2005 Mar;69(3):653-8.
[3]. Kang Cheng, et al. Antagonism of the prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 suppresses nicotinic acid-induced vasodilation in mice and humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 25;103(17):6682-7.
[4]. Bruckert E, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect of nicotinic acid alone or in combination on cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2010 Jun;210(2):353-61.
[5]. Wan P, et al. Pellagra: a review with emphasis on photosensitivity. Br J Dermatol. 2011 Jun;164(6):1188-200.
[6]. Ishii N, et al. Pellagra among chronic alcoholics: clinical and pathological study of 20 necropsy cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1981 Mar;44(3):209-15.
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
Optional Solvent
ConcentrationSolventMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
25 mg
H2O / DMSO
1 mM
8.1228 mL
40.6141 mL
81.2282 mL
203.0704 mL
5 mM
1.6246 mL
8.1228 mL
16.2456 mL
40.6141 mL
10 mM
0.8123 mL
4.0614 mL
8.1228 mL
20.3070 mL
15 mM
0.5415 mL
2.7076 mL
5.4152 mL
13.5380 mL
20 mM
0.4061 mL
2.0307 mL
4.0614 mL
10.1535 mL
25 mM
0.3249 mL
1.6246 mL
3.2491 mL
8.1228 mL
30 mM
0.2708 mL
1.3538 mL
2.7076 mL
6.7690 mL
40 mM
0.2031 mL
1.0154 mL
2.0307 mL
5.0768 mL
50 mM
0.1625 mL
0.8123 mL
1.6246 mL
4.0614 mL
60 mM
0.1354 mL
0.6769 mL
1.3538 mL
3.3845 mL
80 mM
0.1015 mL
0.5077 mL
1.0154 mL
2.5384 mL
DMSO
100 mM
0.0812 mL
0.4061 mL
0.8123 mL
2.0307 mL
*
Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution,
then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Niacin Related Classifications
Metabolic DiseaseCardiovascular DiseaseCancer
Cancer Metabolism and Metastasis
AutophagyMetabolic Enzyme/Protease
AutophagyEndogenous Metabolite
Help & FAQs
Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.
Keywords:
Niacin59-67-6Nicotinic acid Vitamin B3Vitamin B3Vitamin B 3Vitamin B-3AutophagyEndogenous Metaboliteapoptosiscardiovascular diseasescancerInhibitorinhibitorinhibit
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