96 Tests PN: B111441

Components:

45x Ab-conjugated beads (S5P6- Human Perforin Ab-bead). PN: B111441A. One vial containing 100 µL of anti-human Perforin conjugated to AimPlex Bead S5P6.

25x Biotin-detection Ab (Human Perforin Biotin-dAb). PN: B111441B. One vial containing 100 µL of biotinylated anti- Human Perforin.

Lyophilized Standard Mix - Human Perforin. PN: B111441S. One vial containing lyophilized Perforin.

Application: Optimal antibody pair and antigen standard for assaying human Perforin. To be used in conjunction with the AimPlex NR Basic Kit (PN: P100001) and a diluent kit. Refer to the AimPlex Multiplex Immunoassay User Manual and kit inserts for the assay procedure.

Storage:  2-8 C in the dark.

Important: Sodium azide forms explosive compounds with heavy metals. These products contain <0.05% (w/w) azide which with repeated contact with lead and copper commonly found in plumbing drains may result in the buildup of shock sensitive compounds. Dispose in accordance with regulations from your institute.

For Research Use Only.  Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Assay Specifications:

Description:

Perforin (Accession P14222) is a channel creating protein that targets cell membranes. It is primarily produced within cytotoxic T-cells and NK cells. It is structurally similar to its complement component 9. Perforin is a glycoprotein comprised of 555 amino acids. One molecule has two N-terminus and two C-terminus domains. Perforin plays a role in responses to bacterial and viral infections, immunopathology, allogeneic transplant rejection and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Perforin compromises structural integrity of target cell by creating cylindrical channels in the membrane, allowing for enzymes, ions, and small molecule substances to pass through. Though both cytotoxic CD8 positive cells and NK cells use perforin enzyme, the activation pathways are different.

Lack of perforin production causes familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and abnormal production may be correlated to an increased susceptibility to hematological malignancies. Perforin has clear roles in the pathogeneses of both Hashimoto’s disease and systemic lupus erythematosus and possible role in BBB disruption, COPD, and CNS vascular permeability.

References:

  1. Tschopp, J. Encyclopedia of Immunology 2nd ed. Academic Press. 1998.

  2. Johnson HL, Willenbring RC, Jin F, et al. Perforin competent CD8 T cells are sufficient to cause immune-mediated blood-brain barrier disruption. PLoS One. 2014;9(10):e111401. Published 2014 Oct 22. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111401.

  3. Lin CM, Zeng YL, Xiao M, Mei XQ, Shen LY, Guo MX, Lin ZY, Liu QF, Yang T. The Relationship Between MMP-2 -1306C>T and MMP-9 -1562C>T Polymorphisms and the Risk of Prognosis of T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Chinese Population: A Case-Control Study. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2017; 42:1458-1468. doi:10.1159/000479210.

  4. Osińska I, Popko K, Demkow U. Perforin: an important player in immune response. Cent Eur J Immunol. 2014;39(1):109–115. doi:10.5114/ceji.2014.42135.